家务责任与工作态度（旧文整理 08） / Household Duty and Work (Archive 08)

感谢主！我们正式开始这个系列。

由于每一课都包含完整经文（和合本 + NCV），并且你要求全文引用、双语逐句对照、每段经文后加说明，内容会非常长。一条回复无法容纳（尤其是完整圣经经文还涉及版权和回复长度限制）。

因此，我会按章节连续完成，每一章都保持统一格式，直到整个《大要理问答》第五诫和第八诫系列全部完成。

《威斯敏斯特大要理问答》
Westminster Larger Catechism

第一课 Lesson One

第五诫——神所设立的家庭秩序
The Fifth Commandment — God's Order for the Family

今日主题
Today's Theme

神把家庭设立为人学习顺服、责任和爱的第一个地方。
God established the family as the first place where people learn obedience, responsibility, and love.

第五诫不仅教导儿女孝敬父母，也教导所有人与神所设立的权柄建立正确的关系。
The Fifth Commandment teaches not only children to honor their parents, but also everyone to respect the authorities God has established.

今日金句
Memory Verse

> 你们作儿女的，要在主里听从父母，这是理所当然的。
>
> Children, obey your parents as the Lord wants, because this is the right thing to do.
>
> ——以弗所书 6:1（NCV）

威斯敏斯特大要理问答
Westminster Larger Catechism

第123问
Question 123

问：第五诫是什么？
Q. What is the Fifth Commandment?

答：第五诫是："当孝敬父母，使你的日子在耶和华你神所赐你的地上得以长久。"(出20:12)
A. The Fifth Commandment is: "Honor your father and your mother, so that you may live long in the land the Lord your God is giving you." (Exodus 20:12)

第124问
Question 124

问："父母"是指谁？
Q. Who are meant by father and mother in the Fifth Commandment?

答："父母"不仅指亲生父母，也包括一切在年龄和恩赐上比我们年长，以及神按祂旨意设立在我们之上的人，特别是在家庭、教会和政府中的权柄。
A. By father and mother are meant not only natural parents, but all superiors in age and gifts, and especially those whom God has placed over us in family, church, and civil society.

圣经经文
Scripture

第一段

出埃及记 20:12
Exodus 20:12

这一节经文较短，可以完整列出：

和合本

> 当孝敬父母，使你的日子在耶和华你神所赐你的地上得以长久。

NCV

> Honor your father and your mother. Then you will live a long time in the land the Lord your God is giving you.

经文解释
Scripture Explanation

神没有把"不可杀人"放在第一条人与人的诫命，而是先要求人孝敬父母。
God did not begin the commandments about people with "Do not murder." Instead, He first commanded us to honor our parents.

因为家庭是一切社会关系的基础。
Because the family is the foundation of all human relationships.

一个人在家庭里学会尊重权柄，将来也更容易尊重神、教会和政府所设立的合法权柄。
A person who learns to respect authority at home will also be more prepared to respect God's authority and other lawful authorities.

改革宗理解
Reformed Understanding

加尔文认为，第五诫不仅关乎父母和儿女，也关乎神所设立的一切合法权柄。
Calvin taught that the Fifth Commandment is not only about parents and children, but also about every lawful authority established by God.

《威斯敏斯特大要理问答》第124问正是根据这一原则，把家庭、教会和政府都包括在第五诫的应用范围内。
The Westminster Larger Catechism follows this principle by applying the Fifth Commandment to the family, the church, and civil government.

今日应用
Application